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In industrial and mechanical applications, there are various types of bearings, and their usage depends on specific applications and requirements. Here are some commonly used and widely adopted types of bearings:
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⚠️The following bearing rankings do not imply a specific order, as each type of bearing has its unique advantages and suitable scenarios.
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Deep groove ball bearings are the most commonly used type of ball bearings. They have deep raceway grooves on both the inner and outer rings, enabling them to handle radial and axial loads.
Deep groove ball bearings are the most widely used type of rolling bearings. They are characterized by low frictional resistance, high speed, and can be used in machinery that experiences either radial loads or combined radial and axial loads. They are also suitable for applications with axial loads.
Main applications include small electric motors, automotive transmissions, gearboxes in machine tools, and other components.
Tapered roller bearings have an adjustable contact angle between the inner and outer rings to accommodate different load conditions. Generally, the larger the contact angle of tapered roller bearings, the higher the axial load they can bear. The design of tapered roller bearings is such that the contact lines of the rollers with the inner and outer raceways extend to meet at the same point on the bearing axis, enabling pure rolling.
Main applications include automotive components such as front and rear wheels, transmissions, and differential small gear shafts. They are also used in construction machinery, large agricultural machinery, and gear reduction devices in railway vehicles.
Angular contact ball bearings are designed to handle both radial and axial loads simultaneously. They have inclined contact surfaces and can support higher axial loads than deep groove ball bearings.
The greater the contact angle, the higher the axial load-carrying capacity. The contact angle is the angle between the line connecting the contact points of the ball and raceway in the radial plane and the vertical line to the bearing axis. There is a contact angle between the race and the ball, with standard contact angles being 15°, 30°, and 40°. A larger contact angle provides higher axial load capacity, and a smaller contact angle is advantageous for high-speed rotation.
Main applications include machine tool spindles, high-frequency motors, gas turbines, centrifugal separators, differential small gear shafts, air compressors, fuel injection pumps, and printing machinery.
Needle roller bearings are a type of bearing that performs well at high speeds. Their rollers are guided by a special-shaped, highly rigid, and precise retainer, resulting in extremely low dimensional errors. Despite their smaller cross-sectional area, needle roller bearings have high load-carrying capacity, making them particularly suitable for bearing configurations with limited radial space.
Main applications include automotive engines, transmissions, pumps, excavator track rollers, overhead cranes, and compressors.
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Thrust ball bearings are designed to support axial loads and consist of three main components: the shaft washer (upper washer), the housing washer (lower washer), and the bearing cage with steel balls. Typically, the diameter of the shaft washer is slightly smaller than that of the housing washer, while the diameter of the cage matches that of the shaft washer. It's crucial to note that thrust ball bearings can only support axial loads and should not be subjected to radial loads.
Main applications include automotive steering systems and machine tool spindles.
Spherical roller bearings, due to the alignment of the arc center of the outer race with the bearing center, possess self-aligning capabilities. This allows automatic adjustment for any misalignment caused by shaft or housing deflection, ensuring the correct alignment of the axis. These bearings can withstand radial loads and bidirectional axial loads, especially excelling in their ability to handle large radial loads and impact loads.
Main applications include papermaking machinery, reduction gears, railway vehicle axles, printing machinery, woodworking machinery, and various industrial gearboxes.
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The mentioned types represent common bearings used in various applications. In real-world scenarios, a combination of different bearing types may be employed to meet complex motion and load requirements. Different industries and applications may have specific demands. Therefore, when selecting bearings, it's crucial to carefully consider various factors, including load types, speed, precision, and working environment.
If you would like to explore additional types of bearings:
(1) Linear Bearings (aka Linear Motion Bearing): The Key Component for Precision Linear Motion
(2) Rod End Bearings: Key to Mechanical Connections
(4) Ceramic Bearing Specifications: Overview of Materials and Characteristics
For more information on the application of industrial bearings, you may refer to:
(1) Common Bearing Components in Electric Bicycles
(2) Choosing Durable Bicycle Bearings: A Guide to Ensuring Longevity and Performance
(3) The Future of Urban Delivery: The Revolution of Electric Cargo Bikes
Further Reading:
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